ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄÄÁÄÄ¿ ³ (R) Ä´ ³o ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ÚÄÄÄÄÁÁÄ¿ ³ Association of ³ ³ ÃÄÙ Shareware ÀÄÄ´ o ³ Professionals ÄÄÄÄ´ ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÀÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÙ MEMBER D U P L E X Duplex is a shareware program which helps you to print a text- file on both sides of the paper. This program is produced by Feico Nater Shareware, Beukweg 24, 7556 DE Hengelo Ov, phone 31 74 438373. Feico Nater is a member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members' products. Please write to the ASP Ombudsman at 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI 49442, USA or send a CompuServe message via CompuServe Mail to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536. This program is shareware. You may have paid a small amount for this program, but this does not mean that you are licensed to use it. That small amount is for diskette, postage and handling only. You only have permission to see if it suits your needs. If you continue to use this program, you are expected to register with the author and pay the registration fee. The fee is only US $10.00 or Hfl 15.00. If you register, you support shareware and you make it possible that more programs ar produced and distributed this way. You are encouraged to give copies of this program to others. The copies must be complete and unaltered, and you may charge only a small amount of money for diskette, postage and handling. Whether you register or not, you are encouraged to tell the author what you like or dislike. 1 How to use DUPLEX DUPLEX is usually started by entering: DUPLEX file-name After pressing F10, two files are produced in your default directory: $OUT1 which contains the odd pages. $OUT2 which contains the even pages. You can print these by entering: PRINT $OUT1 or: COPY $OUT1 LPT1 When printing is completed, turn the pack over and print $OUT2. Before you use DUPLEX, you must know something about your printer, and also about your input-file. Therefore DUPLEX first asks you to answer some questions. You can save the answers to these questions by pressing F8, so you won't have to answer them again. If you press F10 without pressing F8, then DUPLEX will discard the answers to your questions when it has completed. The questions are divided in two groups: some are related to your printer and others to you input-file. You'll probably answer the printer-related questions only once. 2 Printer-related questions 2.1 Printer type DUPLEX distinguishes four kinds of printers, and they have been pictured below. They are: a inverting, top-printing b inverting, bottom-printing c non-inverting, top-printing d non-inverting, bottom-printing An inverting printer turns the paper over, a non-inverting printer does not. Some printers print on top, so you can immediately read what has been printed, and some print on the bottom. A top-printing printer has a disadvantage: when several sheets are printed, they will be in backward order. DUPLEX fixes this problem. If you use continuous fan-fold paper, set the printer-type to non-inverting. Top- or bottom-printing makes no difference. 2.2 Maximum lines per page and maximum characters per line May-be you don't know the exact answers to these questions. To find out, copy the file COUNT.DOC to your printer. The result will also tell you what happens if you exceed the maximum values. Some printers skip to the next line if you exceed the maximum characters per line. To avoid this specify characters per line one fewer. Better still, see if you can adjust your printer not to do so. If the longest line in your text-file is shorter than the maximum, DUPLEX will center the page between margins. If your text exceeds the number of characters per line, DUPLEX will warn you. Many printers skip to the next page if you exceed the maximum lines per page. To avoid this DUPLEX suppresses line-feeds preceding form-feed. 2.3 Printer port This option is not available in the current version of DUPLEX. 2.4 Init string. Here you can specify a string which must be sent to the printer before printing starts. For example, you may want to control the font or the number of characters per inch. Read your printer manual for instructions. The string can contain any printable character and also the Esc character. A triangle shows where the string ends, this triangle is not part of the string. Make sure there are no unwanted spaces in the string. 3 File-related questions 3.1 Input format A input-file usually contains three control-characters. They are: CR (carriage return, decimal 13) moves the carriage to the left margin. LF (line feed, decimal 10) advances the paper one line. FF (form feed, decimal 12) advances the paper to the next page. CR and LF usually occur together. They should occur frequently in any text-file. FF may be missing in some text-files. Depending on the occurence of FF, DUPLEX distinguishes three kinds of input-files. They are: a form-feed formatted b line-feed formatted c unformatted a An FF-formatted input-file contains a form-feed wherever a new page must begin. There is a maximum number of lines between two form-feeds and this format expects that your printer can print at least that number of lines per page. If your printer cannot print that many lines per page, the surplus lines will be on the next page, which is ugly, but cannot be helped. DUPLEX correctly handles the extra page. b An CRLF-formatted input-file contains no form-feeds, but a number of (carriage-return and) line-feed characters to skip to the next page. This format expects that your printer will print EXACTLY a certain number of lines per page, often 66. If you'd attempt to print such a file on a printer which prints a different number of lines per page, you will see page headers in the middle of pages. DUPLEX fixes this problem, provided you set parameters correctly and your printer can print AT LEAST the expected number of lines. c An unformatted input-file contains no redundant line-feeds, and few form-feeds. With this format the page-breaks will be where they fall, and this may be in ugly places, such as immediately below a chapter heading. The file you are now reading is unformatted. It is advised that you inspect your input-file with a text-editor before starting DUPLEX. If you have 4DOS or NDOS, you can use LIST. The form-feed often looks like the female symbol or like an Egyptian cross. If you see page-headers but no form-feeds, your file is probably CRLF-formatted: count the exact number of lines between two page headers. If you specify CRLF format, you must also specify the exact number of lines per page that the input-file expects. Preferably, this should not be more than your printer can print. 3.2 Page-numbers If you answer Y to this question, DUPLEX will add page-numbers to your text. This is particularly convenient if something goes wrong during printing and you don't know what really happened. Page-numbers will be at the top of the pages, left on even pages and right on odd pages. If pages are numbered already, you had better specify N. 3.3 File-name. This is the name of the input-file. 4 Storing different options May-be you have several printers and you want to save defaults for each. It can be done, because DUPLEX saves its defaults in a file with the same name. First create a copy of DUPLEX.COM with another name: COPY DUPLEX.COM DUPLOX.COM Then start both programs and set defaults. Do not forget to press F8 to save. Eventually press F9 to quit without printing. This creates DUPLEX.OPT and DUPLOX.OPT, and although DUPLEX.COM and DUPLOX.COM are equal, they have different .OPT-files and therefore different defaults. You can also make different .OPT-files for the same printer. One specifies 80 characters per line and an Init-string to set 10 characters per inch. Another specifies 96 characters per line and an Init-string to set 12 characters per inch. 5 How to use the printer Some printers warp the paper so much that it cannot be used again. These printers are no good if you want to print both sides. But may-be the printer can be adjusted to a non-inverting position, which does not warp the paper. Your printer must be reliable. If your paper jams, you are in trouble. Many sheets of double print may be spoiled because the printer fed two sheets at once near the beginning of the job. After printing the first side, the pack must be fed again. The paper must be turned over in some way. Be sure you do it the right way. If you print in landscape-orientation on an inverting printer, the pack must not be turned over at all. If you set defaults correctly, you should not reshuffle the paper in any way before refeeding it. You can print by entering PRINT $OUT1 and PRINT $OUT2, or COPY $OUT1 LPT1 and COPY $OUT2 LPT1 or otherwise. Depending on your printer type, DUPLEX will tell you which file must be printed first. The PRINT-command has the advantage that the computer bcomes available for further jobs. However, remember that the PRINT- command produces an extra form-feed at the end. Therefore the last page must be removed before refeeding. If your printer is non-inverting, $OUT1 and $OUT2 must be printed in the right order. DUPLEX will tell you. Why doesn't DUPLEX print immediately? Well, because this makes it possible to use the PRINT command, which prints in the background. DUPLEX always produces an even number of pages. So if your source contains an odd number of pages, an extra form-feed will be appended to $OUT2. 6 Printer types Non-inverting, printing on top  ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ> ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Printing order: 1 3 5 2 4 6 first $OUT1, then $OUT2 Non-inverting, printing on bottom (e.g.HP Laserjet) ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ> ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ  ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Printing order: 2 4 6 1 3 5 first $OUT2, then $OUT1 inverting, printing on top (e.g.HP DeskJet) <ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ³ ³ ³<- ³ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Printing order: 2 4 6 5 3 1 or 5 3 1 2 4 6 $OUT1 will contain the odd pages in reversed order. inverting, printing on bottom (HP LN03 and others) <ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ³ ³ ->³ ³ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Printing order: 6 4 2 1 3 5 or 1 3 5 6 4 2 $OUT2 will contain the even pages in reversed order.